CiteTools Blog
Citation guides that actually answer the question
Format any source in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, IEEE, or Vancouver — with worked examples, the rules behind them, and the mistakes to avoid.
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Read articleHow to Cite a Dataset in APA, MLA, and Chicago
Cite a research dataset correctly in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, IEEE, and Vancouver, including versioning and the Dataset descriptor.
Read articleLiterature Review Citations: A Working Strategy
A practical system for collecting, tagging, and citing sources through every draft of a literature review, without losing track.
Read articleHow to Cite an Encyclopedia (and Wikipedia)
Cite an encyclopedia entry and a Wikipedia article in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, IEEE, and Vancouver, with permalink guidance.
Read articleCiting Sources with No Author or Date
How to cite a source with no listed author, no publication date, or neither, across APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, IEEE, and Vancouver.
Read articleHow to Cite a Film or TV Show in Any Style
How to cite a film and a TV episode in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, IEEE, and Vancouver, including streaming and timestamps.
Read articleBlock Quotes: When and How to Use Long Quotations
When to use a block quote instead of an inline quote in APA, MLA, and Chicago, with formatting rules and a worked example.
Read articleHow to Cite an Interview in APA, MLA, and Chicago
Cite personal interviews you conducted and published interviews by others in APA, MLA, and Chicago, with worked examples.
Read articleHow to Alphabetize and Format Your Reference List
Alphabetizing rules for reference lists: multiple authors, no-author entries, organizations, and same-author duplicates, by style.
Read articleHow to Cite a Lecture or Class Notes
How to cite a lecture in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, IEEE, and Vancouver, plus rules for guest lectures and unrecorded classes.
Read articleWhen Do You Need to Cite? Common Knowledge Explained
Learn the three-part test for common knowledge and when a claim needs a citation, with a working example table for research papers.
Read articleHow to Cite a Newspaper Article in Any Style
How to cite print and online newspaper articles in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, IEEE, and Vancouver, with examples.
Read articleHow to Do a Hanging Indent in Word and Google Docs
Step-by-step instructions for adding a hanging indent to your reference list in Microsoft Word and Google Docs.
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